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USS Massachusetts (1845)
USS ''Massachusetts'' (1845) was a steamer acquired by the U.S. Navy prior to the American Civil War. She was used by the U.S. War Department as a transport during the Mexican-American War and traveled widely, including transiting Cape Horn several times as part of her official duties on both sides of the Americas. During her years of service she spent most of her time on the west coast of North America.
''Massachusetts'', a wooden steamer, was built in the shipyard of Samuel Hall, Boston, Massachusetts, under the supervision of Edward H. Delano for Mr. R. B. Forbes in 1845. As an auxiliary steam packet, she helped pioneer commercial steamer service between New York City and Liverpool, England.
She was purchased by the War Department in 1847 and during the Mexican-American War served as a troop transport for the Army. In 1848 she was assigned to the Pacific squadron and steamed round Cape Horn to San Francisco, California. She was transferred to the Navy at San Francisco Bay, 1 August 1849; and commissioned the same day, Lt. L. R. Knox in command.
==Joint Commission of Navy and Army Officers (Coast )==
''Massachusetts'' was detailed for use by the Pacific Coast Joint Commission of Navy and Army Officers (Joint Commission-also called the "Joint Board of Army and Navy Officers" and "Joint Board of Engineers and Naval Officers) to select a site for a Navy Yard in California and to explore the U.S. West Coast for potential sites for forts, lighthouses and buoys. The Joint Commission was part of the U.S. National Geodetic Survey and consisted of three army engineers: Maj. John L. Smith, Maj Cornelius A. Ogden and 1st Lt. Danville Leadbetter; and three naval officers: Comdr Louis M. Goldsborough, Comdr. G.J. Van Brunt, and Lt. Simon F. Blunt.〔http://www.nps.gov/alca/photosmultimedia/upload/therock-web.pdf〕 Due to the inability to hire crew members, ''Massachusetts'' along with the ''U.S. Survey Schooner Ewing'',〔http://islapedia.com/index.php?title=Ewing〕 under the command of William Pope McArthur sailed to Hawaii for the winter of 1849-50 to acquire crew members from King Kamehameha III. In 1850 the Joint Commission recommended Mare Island, 28 miles north of San Francisco, for the site of the Navy Yard. The ''Massachusetts'' and the ''Ewing'' continued north, surveying the coast. ''Massachusetts'' departed San Francisco for the east coast 12 August 1852; steamed via ports in Ecuador, Chile, and Brazil; and arrived Norfolk, Virginia, 17 March 1853. She decommissioned the following day.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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